The northernmost belt, known as the Great Himalayas, has the highest average elevation at 6,096 meters (20,000 feet). The Himalayas are so vast that they are composed of three different mountain belts. The Himalayas cover more than 612,000 square kilometers (236,000 square miles), passing through the northern states of India and making up most of the terrain of Nepal and Bhutan. The Indian subcontinent is still crashing northward into Asia, and the Himalayas are growing about 5 centimeters (2 inches) every year. The Indian subcontinent, once connected to Africa, collided with the Eurasian continent about 50 million to 55 million years ago, forming the Himalayas. Mountain Systems The Himalaya mountains extend for about 2,500 kilometers (1,550 miles), separating the Indian subcontinent from the rest of Asia. ![]() Asia can be divided into five major physical regions: mountain systems plateaus plains, steppes, and deserts freshwater environments and saltwater environments. Asia’s physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately. Asia is bordered by the Arctic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. However, most geographers define Asia’s western border as an indirect line that follows the Ural Mountains, the Caucasus Mountains, and the Caspian and Black Seas. The border between the two continents is debated. Asia makes up the eastern portion of the Eurasian supercontinent Europe occupies the western portion. ![]() It is also the world’s most populous continent, with roughly 60 percent of the total population. Asia is the largest of the world’s continents, covering approximately 30 percent of the Earth’s land area.
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